Hikone Castle

Hikone Castle stands as one of Japan's 12 original wooden castles that survived the Meiji period, built between 1602 and 1622 by the Ii clan on the shores of Lake Biwa in Shiga Prefecture. The castle served as the stronghold of the powerful Ii family, who were among the most trusted retainers of the Tokugawa shogunate for over 260 years. Its strategic location controlled the vital Nakasendo highway connecting Tokyo and Kyoto.

Designated as a National Treasure in 1952, Hikone Castle represents one of the finest examples of early Edo period architecture. The three-story main keep showcases sophisticated defensive features including multiple curves and angles designed to confuse attackers. The castle grounds encompass the Genkyu-en Garden, a traditional Japanese landscape garden created in 1677 that exemplifies the refined aesthetic of the samurai class.

Visitors can explore the restored main keep, which houses exhibits of samurai armor, weapons, and historical artifacts from the Ii family collection. The climb to the top floor offers panoramic views of Lake Biwa, Japan's largest freshwater lake. The adjacent museum displays the castle's history and the role of the Ii clan in Japanese politics. Walking tours of the castle grounds typically take 90 minutes to 2 hours.

Spring transforms the castle into one of Japan's premier cherry blossom viewing spots, with over 1,100 sakura trees blooming from early to mid-April. Summer provides the clearest lake views, while autumn brings spectacular fall colors to the surrounding maple trees. Winter offers the most dramatic silhouette of the castle against snow-covered landscapes.

Hikone Castle is located 90 minutes by train from Kyoto and 2 hours from Osaka via JR lines to Hikone Station, followed by a 10-minute walk. The castle is open daily from 8:30 AM to 5:00 PM with admission costing ¥800 for adults. Combined tickets including Genkyu-en Garden cost ¥1,200. The site is accessible year-round except for December 29-31.