Former Kaichi School

The Former Kaichi School in Matsumoto, Nagano Prefecture, stands as Japan's oldest elementary school building in the Western style. Constructed in 1876 during the early Meiji period, the school operated continuously until 1963, educating generations of local children during Japan's rapid modernization. The building was designated an Important Cultural Property in 1961 and has been preserved as a museum since its closure as an active school.

This striking pseudo-Western structure combines Japanese carpentry techniques with Western architectural elements, creating a unique hybrid style characteristic of early Meiji-era public buildings. The two-story wooden structure features an octagonal tower, arched windows, and ornate balconies adorned with Chinese-style carvings of dragons and angels. The construction cost approximately 11,000 yen at the time, with 70 percent of funding contributed by local residents who understood the importance of education in the new era. The name "Kaichi" translates to "enlightened wisdom," reflecting the Meiji government's commitment to universal education.

Visitors can explore the original classrooms, which display period desks, educational materials, textbooks, and teaching tools from the Meiji through Showa periods. The museum collection includes calligraphy works by students, school records, and exhibits explaining the evolution of Japan's modern education system. The building's architecture itself serves as a primary attraction, with detailed woodwork and the distinctive tower offering insight into Japan's architectural transition period.

The Former Kaichi School is located in central Matsumoto, approximately 10 minutes on foot from Matsumoto Castle. From JR Matsumoto Station, the school is roughly a 25-minute walk or a 10-minute bus ride followed by a short walk. Local buses bound for Matsumoto Castle stop nearby. Admission costs 400 yen for adults, with reduced rates for children and combined tickets available with Matsumoto City Museum. The compact museum typically requires 30 to 45 minutes to view thoroughly and combines well with visits to nearby Matsumoto Castle and the city's historic neighborhoods.